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Published on: July 19, 2011
Endothelial dysfunction in ischemic acute renal failure: rescue by transplanted endothelial cells
Sergey V Brodsky1, Tokunori Yamamoto, Tetsuhiro Tada
1Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8152, USA.
American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|May 9, 2002
Summary
Endothelial cell dysfunction causes kidney "no-reflow" after ischemia. Transplanting endothelial cells or nitric oxide synthase-expressing surrogates protected kidneys, preventing acute renal failure.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Vascular Biology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Endothelial cell dysfunction is implicated in the "no-reflow" phenomenon in postischemic kidneys.
- Pathophysiological insults like oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and ischemia compromise endothelial cell integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of endothelial cell dysfunction in the renal "no-reflow" phenomenon.
- To evaluate the therapeutic potential of endothelial cell transplantation in preventing ischemic kidney injury.
Main Methods:
- Demonstrated endothelial cell vulnerability to various insults in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo.
- Utilized intravital microscopy to directly observe blood flow and the no-reflow phenomenon in peritubular capillaries.
- Performed endothelial cell or endothelial nitric oxide synthase-expressing surrogate cell transplantation in rats with renal artery clamping.
Main Results:
- Oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and ischemia compromised endothelial cell lining integrity.
- Intravital microscopy provided direct evidence of the no-reflow phenomenon linked to endothelial injury.
- Transplantation of endothelial cells or surrogates expressing endothelial nitric oxide synthase significantly protected ischemic kidneys.
Conclusions:
- Endothelial cell dysfunction is a primary cause of the renal "no-reflow" phenomenon.
- Ameliorating endothelial dysfunction through cell transplantation prevents renal injury in acute renal failure.
- Targeting endothelial integrity offers a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic kidney injury.
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