[Current problems of cesarean section]

With the diminution of maternal and perinatal mortality, the Cesarean sections rates has increased in the world, and has produced preoccupation and restlessness in health providers and scientists. This increase of the Cesarean sections rates has been due to multiple reasons. These reasons are the increasing fetal interest, the different conception and its processing, in which it influences a lot the present preparation of obstetricians, the valuation of the fetal well-bearing, the obstetrical attitude in breech presentations and iterative cesarean sections, and of course, the social and economic pressures that carry the fear to the judicial claims, which are increasing in all developed countries. The aim of this this article is to analyze the ways to decrease this cesarean sections rates, analyzing causes of the increase, treating to describe obstetrical protocols to achieve an ideal number of cesarean sections.