The genome projects: implications for dental practice and education.

Area of Science:

• Genomics and bioinformatics
• Craniofacial medicine
• Dental research

Background:

• The Human Genome Project (HGP) provides unprecedented insights into craniofacial development and disease.
• Oral diseases like caries and periodontal disease have complex hereditary and environmental components.
• Current healthcare approaches for craniofacial conditions are evolving with genomic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the impact of HGP-derived information on craniofacial healthcare.
• To identify challenges and opportunities for the dental profession in integrating genomic knowledge.
• To highlight the potential of genomics for diagnosing and managing oral diseases.

Main Methods:

• Integration of information from human genomics, comparative genomics, microbial genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics.
• Application of new knowledge to risk assessment, diagnosis, prevention, and management strategies.
• Analysis of the evolving landscape of dental research, education, and clinical practice.

Main Results:

• Accurate diagnosis of numerous craniofacial conditions is now possible through genomic sequencing.
• Genomic knowledge will enable tailored prevention and therapy for complex oral diseases.
• The dental profession faces challenges in acquiring and applying new genetic information.

Conclusions:

• Genomic advancements are transforming craniofacial healthcare, necessitating adaptation within the dental field.
• Proactive prevention and novel treatment approaches will emerge from integrating diverse 'omic' technologies.
• Oral health practitioners require enhanced knowledge of human genetics and molecular diagnostics/therapeutics.