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Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for depression
Anthony F Jorm1, Helen Christensen, Kathleen M Griffiths
1Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200. anthony.jorm@anu.edu.au
The Medical Journal of Australia
|June 18, 2002
Summary
This review examines evidence for complementary depression treatments. St. John's wort, exercise, and light therapy show promise, but more research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Evidence-based Medicine
- Complementary Therapies
Background:
- Depression is a significant global health concern.
- Standard treatments include antidepressants and cognitive behavioral therapy.
- Growing interest exists in complementary and self-help interventions for depression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the evidence for the effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for depression.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, PsycLit, Cochrane Library).
- Thirty-seven distinct treatments were identified and categorized.
- Each treatment's description, rationale, and evidence level were synthesized.
Main Results:
- St. John's wort, exercise, bibliotherapy (CBT-based), and light therapy (for seasonal depression) demonstrated the strongest evidence.
- Limited evidence supports acupuncture, non-seasonal light therapy, massage, negative air ionization, relaxation therapy, S-adenosylmethionine, folate, and yoga breathing exercises.
Conclusions:
- While no complementary treatment currently matches the evidence for standard therapies, several warrant further investigation.
- Further research is recommended for promising complementary and self-help depression treatments.