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[Eye toxicity of antimalarial agents]
J Graña Gil1, M Cabana Vázquez, A Vázquez González
1Servicio de Reumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña.
Anales De Medicina Interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984)
|July 2, 2002
Summary
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) management with antimalarials like Chloroquine can cause ocular toxicity. This review examines antimalarial use, adverse events, and monitoring in rheumatology patients to mitigate risks.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Ophthalmology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) presents with diverse manifestations, including mucocutaneous, hematological, joint, and renal involvement.
- Antimalarial agents, such as Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine, are frequently used in managing SLE.
- Severe ocular toxicity is a significant adverse event associated with long-term antimalarial use.
Observation:
- A case study detailing the progression of SLE with mucocutaneous, hematological, joint, and renal involvement.
- Skin lesions were treated with Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine, leading to severe ocular toxicity.
- This highlights a significant adverse event associated with long-term antimalarial use.
Findings:
- Antimalarial agents are effective in managing various SLE manifestations.
- Severe ocular toxicity is a critical adverse event linked to Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine.
- Risk factors for toxicity include cumulative dose, renal function, and inadequate ophthalmological surveillance.
Implications:
- Emphasizes the need for strict adherence to recommended dosages and regular ophthalmological examinations for SLE patients on antimalarials.
- Suggests a review of current guidelines regarding antimalarial drug use in rheumatology to mitigate ocular risks.
- Underscores the importance of pharmacovigilance in identifying and managing drug-related toxicities in autoimmune diseases.