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Quantum-classical transition induced by electrical measurement.

D Mozyrsky1, I Martin

  • 1Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|July 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Measurement impacts quantum systems. A model shows electrical tunnel junctions coupled to mechanical oscillators exhibit damped dynamics and effective temperatures influenced by voltage, affecting current-voltage characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Mesoscopic physics
  • Solid-state physics

Background:

  • Quantum systems are susceptible to measurement-induced dephasing.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for quantum information processing and metrology.
  • Non-equilibrium conditions in measurement apparatus can significantly alter system dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the dephasing effect of measurement on a quantum system.
  • To investigate the dynamics of a mechanical oscillator coupled to an electrical tunnel junction.
  • To analyze the influence of strong non-equilibrium conditions on quantum system behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A theoretical model of an electrical tunnel junction coupled to a mechanical oscillator was developed.
  • The model was solved at zero temperature under strong non-equilibrium conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Linear coupling between the oscillator and tunneling electrons was considered.

    • Main Results:

    • The oscillator dynamics exhibit damping when linearly coupled to tunneling electrons.
    • The effective temperature of the oscillator is determined by the voltage drop across the tunnel junction.
    • Both quantum heating and quantum damping effects are observable in the current-voltage characteristic.

    Conclusions:

    • Measurement-induced dephasing in quantum systems can be effectively modeled using coupled electrical and mechanical components.
    • The study reveals a direct link between oscillator dynamics and the electrical properties of the tunnel junction.
    • The findings have implications for understanding quantum measurement and designing novel quantum devices.