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Exercise-induced change in type 1 cytokine-producing CD8+ T cells is related to a decrease in memory T cells.

Tobias Ibfelt1, Emil Wolsk Petersen, Helle Bruunsgaard

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|July 23, 2002
PubMed
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Exercise training mobilizes T cells but decreases type 1 cytokine production post-exercise. This shift in immune cells is linked to a reduction in CD8(+) memory T cells after running.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Exercise transiently increases circulating CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells.
  • T cells are functionally polarized into type 1 (e.g., IFN-gamma) and type 2 (e.g., IL-4) based on cytokine production.
  • Previous research indicates exercise reduces type 1 T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms behind exercise-induced changes in type 1 and type 2 cytokine-producing T cells.
  • To examine the impact of exercise on T cell polarization and memory cell populations.

Main Methods:

  • Seven healthy men ran on a treadmill for 1.5 hours.
  • Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and 2 hours post-exercise.
  • Intracellular cytokine expression (IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4) in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was measured via flow cytometry.

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Main Results:

  • Post-exercise, intracellular IFN-gamma expression in CD8(+) T cells decreased compared to immediate post-exercise levels.
  • IL-2 and IL-4 expression remained unchanged in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell populations.
  • The reduction in IFN-gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells correlated negatively with a decrease in CD8(+) memory T cells.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise alters the balance of T cell cytokine production, specifically reducing type 1 responses.
  • The decline in IFN-gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells post-exercise is associated with a loss of memory T cells.