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Large force fluctuations in a flowing granular medium.

Emily Longhi1, Nalini Easwar, Narayanan Menon

  • 1Department of Physics, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts 01063, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|July 30, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Boundary forces in 2D granular flows are impulsive. Analysis reveals exponential decay for large impulses and a power-law distribution for time intervals between collisions, indicating an approach to jamming.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Applied Mathematics

Background:

  • Granular flows exhibit complex dynamics at their boundaries.
  • Understanding force fluctuations is crucial for predicting material behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate force fluctuations at the boundary of 2D granular flows.
  • Characterize the nature of these forces across different flow rates.
  • Identify dynamical signatures indicating the approach to jamming.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of force fluctuations in a 2D granular flow model.
  • Examination of impulse probability distributions.
  • Study of the time interval distribution between collisions.

Main Results:

  • Forces at the boundary are predominantly impulsive across all flow rates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The probability distribution of impulses shows exponential decay for large values, similar to static granular media.
  • The distribution of time intervals between collisions follows a power law, P(tau) ~ tau^(-3/2), near jamming.

    • Conclusions:

    • The impulsive nature of boundary forces is a key characteristic of 2D granular flow.
    • While small impulse distributions show continuous evolution, the time interval distribution provides a clear dynamical signature of the approach to jamming.