Two-stage IMZ implants and ITI implants inserted in a single-stage procedure. A prospective comparative study.

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Periodontology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Two-stage dental implant systems are typically placed in a submerged procedure.
• The impact of using two-stage implants in a single-stage approach and the significance of the microgap require further investigation.
• Monitoring peri-implant microflora is crucial for understanding implant success.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the feasibility of using two-stage implants (IMZ) in a single-stage procedure compared to one-stage implants (ITI).
• To evaluate the effect of the crestal microgap on peri-implant health and microflora.
• To monitor peri-implant microflora and clinical/radiographic parameters over one year.

Main Methods:

• Forty edentulous patients received either two IMZ or two ITI implants in a single-stage procedure.
• Overdentures were fitted after 3 months, supported by bar and clip attachments.
• Clinical, radiographic, and microbiological evaluations were performed at baseline, 6, and 12 months post-loading.

Main Results:

• One IMZ implant was lost; no ITI implants were lost.
• Plaque scores and probing depths were slightly higher in the IMZ group at 12 months.
• Mean bone loss was 0.6 mm for both groups in the first year; Prevotella intermedia was more prevalent in the ITI group.

Conclusions:

• Two-stage implants in a single-stage procedure appear predictable, comparable to one-stage implants.
• The crestal microgap in non-submerged IMZ implants did not adversely affect peri-implant microbiology or bone loss within the first year.
• Potential periodontal pathogens can colonize the peri-implant sulcus without causing peri-implantitis within one year.