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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
07:20

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Published on: May 28, 2014

Niobium and vanadium iminophosphinimide complexes.

J K Brask1, M G Fickes, P Sangtrirutnugul

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Room 2-227, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|September 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary

New iminophosphinimide complexes of vanadium and niobium were synthesized. These novel compounds were created using a four-step strategy starting from anionic nitride precursors.

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Published on: September 28, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Synthesis

Background:

  • Iminophosphinimide ligands offer unique coordination properties.
  • Early transition metal nitrides are challenging synthetic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel iminophosphinimide complexes of vanadium and niobium.
  • To explore synthetic routes utilizing anionic nitride species.

Main Methods:

  • A four-step synthetic strategy was employed.
  • Starting materials included anionic nitride species of the type ([Ar(R)N]3M NNa)2.
  • The target complexes are of the form [Ar(R)N]3M(NPNBut) where M = V, Nb.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized iminophosphinimide complexes of vanadium (V) and niobium (Nb).
  • The synthesis involved a multi-step approach from anionic nitride precursors.

Conclusions:

  • The developed four-step synthetic route is effective for preparing iminophosphinimide complexes of early transition metals.
  • This work expands the scope of accessible organometallic compounds with iminophosphinimide ligands.