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Birth-date dependent population ethics: critical-level principles.

C Blackorby, W Bossert, D Donaldson

    Journal of Economic Theory
    |September 26, 2002
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study introduces birth-date dependent social evaluation principles, allowing individual birth timing to influence social orderings in dynamic populations. These principles generalize utilitarian approaches, with stationarity yielding geometric discounting.

    Area of Science:

    • Social Choice Theory
    • Intertemporal Economics
    • Population Economics

    Background:

    • Traditional social evaluation often overlooks the impact of birth timing on societal welfare.
    • Intertemporal frameworks typically assume fixed population sizes or non-varying birth cohorts.
    • The strong Pareto principle, a cornerstone of social ordering, does not inherently account for birth dates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize birth-date dependent social evaluation principles.
    • To integrate the timing of births into intertemporal social welfare analysis.
    • To explore generalizations of utilitarian principles that incorporate population dynamics.

    Main Methods:

    • Modification of the strong Pareto principle to include birth-date considerations.
    Keywords:
    DeliveryDemographic FactorsDemographyEthicsPopulationPopulation DynamicsPopulation TheoryPregnancyPregnancy OutcomesReproductionSocial SciencesTime FactorsWorld

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of the axiom of independence of the utilities of the dead.
  • Characterization of population principles using recursive structures.
  • Introduction of individual substitution and intertemporal equivalence axioms.

    • Main Results:

    • A recursive structure for population principles where birth dates are significant.
    • Birth-date dependent generalizations of critical-level generalized utilitarian principles.
    • Identification of stationarity as leading to geometric discounting within this framework.

    Conclusions:

    • Social welfare analysis can be enhanced by considering the temporal aspect of individual births.
    • The proposed framework offers a more nuanced approach to intertemporal social choice, especially with varying populations.
    • The findings provide a theoretical basis for incorporating demographic changes into economic policy evaluations.