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Summary
Developed countries are experiencing significant increases in life expectancy, particularly among the very old. This demographic shift necessitates evaluating impacts on social security and health services systems.
Area of Science:
- Demography
- Gerontology
- Public Health
Background:
- Developed countries face demographic shifts driven by increasing life expectancy.
- A notable trend is the accelerated growth in the population aged 85 and over.
- These changes pose significant challenges to social security and healthcare systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of mortality reductions on social security and health services in developed nations.
- To analyze mortality conditions across 11 developed countries from 1950 to 1978.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of mortality data from 11 developed countries (USA, Canada, Japan, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, UK, West Germany, France) between 1950 and 1978.
- Examination of cause-specific mortality trends and life expectancy changes at advanced ages.
Main Results:
- Significant increases in life expectancy were observed at advanced ages, especially for females.
- Cross-country variations in cause of death structures suggest diverse mechanisms driving mortality improvements.
- No single biological aging model explains current mortality trends in high life expectancy countries.
Conclusions:
- Further reductions in mortality are achievable by adopting successful cause-specific strategies observed in other countries.
- Understanding diverse mortality patterns is crucial for adapting social security and health systems.
- Demographic trends necessitate proactive policy adjustments for aging populations.
Keywords:
AdultAge Distribution--changesAge FactorsAge Specific Death RateAgedAmericasAsiaCanadaCauses Of DeathCzechoslovakiaDeath RateDelivery Of Health CareDemographic AgingDemographic FactorsDenmarkDeveloped CountriesDeveloping CountriesDifferential MortalityEastern AsiaEastern EuropeEconomic FactorsEuropeFinancial ActivitiesFinancing, GovernmentFranceGermany, Federal Republic OfHealthHealth ServicesHungaryJapanLength Of LifeLife Expectancy--changesMediterranean CountriesMortality--changesNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaNorthern EuropeNorwayPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsScandinaviaSex FactorsSocial SecuritySwedenUnited KingdomUnited StatesWestern Europe