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Bovine vaginal circulation: changes during estrous cycle.

R M Abrams, W W Thatcher, J R Chenault

    Journal of Dairy Science
    |October 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vaginal thermal conductance increases significantly in cattle leading up to estrus, peaking just before behavioral estrus. These changes are likely driven by estrogen affecting vaginal blood flow.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Physiology
    • Animal Science
    • Thermoregulation

    Background:

    • Understanding estrus cycles in cattle is crucial for efficient breeding management.
    • Vaginal physiological changes during estrus are not fully elucidated.
    • Thermal conductance may serve as an indicator of reproductive status.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure vaginal thermal conductance in cattle during the estrus cycle.
    • To identify patterns in vaginal thermal conductance relative to behavioral estrus.
    • To explore the hormonal influence on vaginal thermal properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Vaginal thermal conductance was measured using a gradient layer heat flow probe.
    • Measurements were taken in 12 heifers and 7 cows.

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  • Data were analyzed in relation to the day of behavioral estrus (day 0).

    • Main Results:

    • Vaginal thermal conductance increased for 4-5 days before estrus, peaking at days -2 and -1.
    • Conductance declined from estrus day (day 0) through day +5.
    • Heifers exhibited higher conductance values than cows, with parallel trends observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Vaginal thermal conductance is a dynamic indicator during the bovine estrus cycle.
    • Estrogen-induced alterations in vaginal blood flow are the likely cause of observed thermal changes.
    • This finding may offer a novel method for estrus detection in cattle.