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Tuberculosis meningitis and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
J W V Wait1, L Stanton, J F Schoeman
1Department of Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Republic of South Africa. jww1@sun.ac.za
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|October 31, 2002
Summary
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common complication in children recovering from tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Children with TBM showed significantly more ADHD symptoms and externalizing behaviors compared to controls.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Child Psychology
Background:
- Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe infection affecting children.
- Long-term neurological sequelae of TBM require further investigation.
- Understanding cognitive and behavioral outcomes post-TBM is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children who have recovered from TBM.
- To compare the behavioral and attentional profiles of TBM survivors with a healthy control group.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 21 children with a history of TBM and 21 age-matched controls were assessed.
- Clinical-neurological examinations were performed on all subjects.
- Behavioral assessments included the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Teacher's Report Form and Conners Rating Scale, completed by parents and teachers.
Main Results:
- All 21 TBM group subjects exhibited symptoms of ADHD.
- TBM survivors displayed significantly higher hyperactivity and attention deficits compared to controls.
- TBM group showed increased externalizing behaviors, aggression, and obsessive-compulsive traits.
Conclusions:
- ADHD is a frequent and significant long-term complication following tuberculous meningitis in children.
- TBM survivors require targeted interventions for ADHD and associated behavioral issues.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms underlying ADHD post-TBM.