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Vortex charges in high-temperature superconductors.

Yan Chen1, Z D Wang, Jian-Xin Zhu

  • 1Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Vortex charge in superconductors can be positive or negative, depending on the strength of antiferromagnetic (AF) order within the vortex core. Tuning interactions like Coulomb repulsion or doping can switch the vortex charge sign.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Superconductivity
  • Magnetism

Background:

  • Vortices in superconductors are topological defects with associated charge.
  • The interplay between antiferromagnetism (AF) and superconductivity is crucial in many materials.
  • Understanding vortex charge properties is key to explaining experimental observations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the sign and behavior of vortex charge in a model with competing AF and d-wave superconductivity.
  • Explore the influence of AF order strength on vortex charge.
  • Examine how tuning parameters affect the transition between positive and negative vortex charges.

Main Methods:

  • Solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for a model Hamiltonian.
  • Analyzing the vortex charge based on competing AF and d-wave superconducting interactions.

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Main Results:

  • Vortex charge is negative when AF order inside the vortex core is sufficiently strong; otherwise, it is positive.
  • A transition between positive and negative vortex charges can be induced by tuning on-site Coulomb repulsion (U) or doping (delta).
  • Vortex charge at optimal doping varies with magnetic field.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a theoretical framework explaining the sign of vortex charge based on AF order.
  • The findings offer a potential explanation for recent experimental results from NMR and Hall effect measurements.
  • The model highlights the importance of competing interactions in determining vortex properties in superconductors.