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Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses
12:08

Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses

Published on: June 25, 2011

Oncolytic viruses.

E Antonio Chiocca1

  • 1Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Neurosurgery Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, East Building, 13th Street, Bldg 149, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA. chioccahelix.mgh.harvard.edu.

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|December 3, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oncolytic viruses are engineered to target and destroy cancer cells, offering a novel therapeutic approach. Research explores their tumor specificity and potential for safe human cancer treatment.

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12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Viruses possess inherent cytotoxic effects, traditionally associated with pathogenicity.
  • Viral genomes offer a versatile platform for genetic modification.
  • Oncolytic viruses are engineered to selectively target and eliminate cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the engineering of viruses for tumor specificity.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of oncolytic viruses in human cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic engineering of viral genomes to enhance tumor-targeting capabilities.
  • Preclinical and clinical studies to evaluate oncolytic virus safety and efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Engineered viruses demonstrate selective replication and cytotoxicity in tumor cells.
  • Ongoing research indicates potential for oncolytic viruses as a safe cancer treatment modality.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic viruses represent a promising cancer therapy by leveraging viral cytotoxicity.
  • Further research is crucial to optimize their application and ensure patient safety.