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ABO blood groups in Peruvian mummies. I. An evaluation of techniques
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
|January 1, 1976
Summary
Ancient Peruvian mummies reveal the presence of A, B, AB, and O blood groups in America before European contact. This finding challenges existing notions about the origins and distribution of blood types in Indigenous American populations.
Area of Science:
- Anthropology
- Genetics
- Paleopathology
Background:
- Understanding the historical distribution of human blood groups is crucial for population genetics and anthropology.
- Previous research has limited data on pre-Columbian blood group prevalence in the Americas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the blood groups of Peruvian mummies using multiple serological techniques.
- To investigate the presence of ABO and H (O) antigens in pre-Columbian American populations.
Main Methods:
- Blood group determination using agglutination-inhibition, antibody production induction, and mixed cell agglutination techniques.
- Comparison of results from three distinct serological methods for accuracy and antigen detection.
Main Results:
- All three methods yielded identical results for blood group typing.
- The induction of antibody production and mixed cell agglutination methods successfully identified the H (O) antigen.
- Evidence of A, B, AB, and O blood groups was found in Peruvian mummies predating European arrival.
Conclusions:
- The study confirms the presence of all major ABO blood groups in ancient American populations.
- Findings necessitate a re-evaluation of the historical understanding of blood group diversity in American Indians.
- Serological analysis of ancient remains provides valuable insights into pre-Columbian population genetics.