Percutaneous vertebroplasty: indications, contraindications, and technique

Area of Science:

• Interventional radiology
• Orthopedic surgery
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Vertebral compression fractures cause significant pain and disability.
• Osteoporosis, myeloma, and metastases commonly lead to vertebral weakening.
• Existing treatments may not adequately address pain and structural integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To illustrate the technique of percutaneous vertebroplasty.
• To highlight the benefits of polymethylmethacrylate injection for vertebral augmentation.
• To review indications and contraindications for the procedure.

Main Methods:

• Percutaneous injection of surgical polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) into vertebral bodies.
• Image guidance (e.g., fluoroscopy, CT) is essential for accurate needle placement.
• A large-bore needle facilitates cement delivery.

Main Results:

• The technique provides increased vertebral strength.
• Significant pain relief is achieved in patients with intractable non-radicular pain.
• Successful augmentation of weakened vertebrae.

Conclusions:

• Percutaneous vertebroplasty is an effective interventional technique for managing vertebral compression fractures.
• The procedure offers a valuable option for pain management and structural support.
• Careful patient selection based on indications and contraindications is crucial.