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Rabies in Sri Lanka: splendid isolation.

Susilakanthi Nanayakkara1, Jean S Smith, Charles E Rupprecht

  • 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|March 20, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Rabies virus in Sri Lanka represents a unique lineage. A comprehensive control program could eradicate rabies, freeing the country from the disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • One Health

Background:

  • Rabies virus circulates in dogs in Sri Lanka.
  • The Sri Lankan rabies virus lineage is genetically distinct from other Asian lineages.
  • Geographically isolated virus populations face extinction risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the genetic diversity of rabies virus in Sri Lanka.
  • To assess the potential for rabies eradication in Sri Lanka.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of rabies virus genomes.
  • Epidemiological data review.

Main Results:

  • Rabies virus in Sri Lanka exists as a single, minimally divergent lineage.
  • This lineage is distantly related to other Asian rabies virus strains.
  • Stable, isolated virus populations are vulnerable to local extinction.

Conclusions:

  • Rabies virus in Sri Lanka is genetically unique.
  • A comprehensive rabies control campaign could lead to eradication.
  • Sri Lanka has the potential to be the first Asian country in over 30 years to eliminate canine rabies.

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