[History of surgery in the Czech Republic and evolution of Czech surgery clinics]

The author presents a brief of the position of the surgery during centuries in Czech. He mentions the conditions for university education of the surgery since 1848. In 1860 the Czech Medical Society was founded and in 1862 the first issue of the Czech Medical Journal (Casopis lékarů ceských) was published. The first Czech lecture was made on 28th April 1882 on the Czech surgery clinic. The climax of Czech desires of revival was the separation of Czech and German clinics in 1882. The development of some medical disciplines, incl. surgical disciplines, made the surgeons abandon the Czech Medical Society and after the establishment of the committee of the Czechoslovak Republic they founded in 1920 the committee of the Czechoslovak Society for Surgery and Gynaecology. There is explained origin of title MUDr., so typical for graduated students on Prague Medical Faculty. The First Surgery Clinic (founded in 1920) of the Charles University and General Hospital in Prague is continuator of the Czech surgery clinic.