A decade of tyrosine kinases: from gene discovery to therapeutics

Rolf J Craven1, Harry Lightfoot, William G Cance

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 21-237 Lineberger, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Camous Box 7295, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. rolf@email.unc.edu

Surgical Oncology
|April 12, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Tyrosine kinases are crucial for breast cancer cell growth and survival. Recent research highlights their roles in proliferation via MAP Kinase and survival through PI3 Kinase-Akt pathways, informing new breast cancer therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Tyrosine kinases are critical regulators of cellular processes.
  • These kinases play significant roles in breast cancer cell survival and proliferation.
  • Previous research identified key protein kinases in breast tumors and cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in understanding tyrosine kinase functions in breast cancer over the past decade.
  • To elucidate the specific roles of tyrosine kinases in breast cancer proliferation, survival, and cell cycle regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature and research findings from the last ten years.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways regulated by tyrosine kinases in breast cancer models.

Main Results:

  • Tyrosine kinases regulate proliferation primarily through the MAP Kinase pathway.
  • Tyrosine kinase signaling promotes cellular survival via the PI3 Kinase-Akt pathway.
  • Complex regulation of the cell cycle involves various serine-threonine kinases.

Conclusions:

  • A decade of research has significantly improved our understanding of tyrosine kinase signaling in breast cancer.
  • These signaling cascades offer novel targets for therapeutic interventions.
  • Targeting tyrosine kinase pathways presents promising strategies for breast cancer treatment.

Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases01:26

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...