Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas
Published on: September 5, 2011
[HLA typing in twins with vesicoureteral reflux]
Kazuhiro Nose1, Tadashi Hanai, Takahide Sugiyama
1Department of Urology, Kinki University of Medicine.
Abstract:
We treated 2 cases of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in twins. Case 1: A 6-year-old girl had grade 3 VUR on the right side and grade 1 VUR on the left side. Case 2: A 5-year-old girl, the younger sister of case 1, had grade 4 VUR on the right side. We treated these patients with bilateral anti-reflux-therapy (Cohen's method). We analyzed the HLA ABC locus in this family and found that these twins and their mother (who had been treated for bilateral VUR in childhood) were of the same haplotype, but not a haplotype previously reported. We believe that familial VUR should be aggressively investigated.
Related Concept Videos
Ureters
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

