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Cerebral angiitis mimicking posterior leukoencephalopathy.

Eelco F M Wijdicks1, Edward M Manno, Jimmy R Fulgham

  • 1Neurology Critical Care Service, Department of Neurology, Saint Marys Hospital, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. wijde@mayo.edu

Journal of Neurology
|April 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is usually linked to immunosuppressants or hypertension. This study documents PRES in three patients with isolated central nervous system angiitis, suggesting a new association.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition often associated with immunosuppressive therapy, malignant hypertension, or eclampsia.
  • Central nervous system (CNS) angiitis, particularly isolated cerebral angiitis, has not been previously linked to PRES.

Observation:

  • This study reviewed cases of isolated CNS angiitis between 1998 and 2000.
  • Three cases of PRES were identified in patients with isolated cerebral angiitis.

Findings:

  • PRES was observed in patients with isolated cerebral angiitis, a previously undocumented association.
  • In two cases, neurological lesions extended beyond the typical posterior occipital regions.

Implications:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cerebral angiography and potentially brain biopsy are recommended for diagnosing PRES of unknown etiology.
  • These diagnostic tools may help identify underlying isolated angiitis in patients presenting with PRES.