Correlation between intraocular pressure level and optic disc changes in high-tension glaucoma suspects.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Glaucoma Research
• Optic Nerve Health

Background:

• High-tension glaucoma involves elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) potentially leading to optic disc damage.
• Understanding the correlation between IOP and optic disc changes is crucial for effective glaucoma management.
• Determining optimal target IOP levels is essential to prevent disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and subsequent optic disc alterations in patients with suspected high-tension glaucoma.
• To establish a target intraocular pressure (IOP) for managing high-tension glaucoma.

Main Methods:

• A prospective, observational case series involving 57 patients with suspected high-tension glaucoma.
• Optic disc status and visual fields were assessed using confocal laser ophthalmoscopy and automatic perimetry.
• Intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored every 3 months over a mean follow-up of 4.4 years.

Main Results:

• A significant correlation was found between the percentage of time IOP was below 21 mmHg (%<21 mmHg control) and changes in neuroretinal rim area (r=0.40) and cup-to-disc ratio (r=-0.40).
• No significant correlation was observed between %<18 mmHg control and optic disc parameter changes.
• Eyes with visual field changes had significantly lower %<21 mmHg control compared to those without.

Conclusions:

• Intraocular pressure (IOP) levels are directly correlated with topographic changes in the optic disc in high-tension glaucoma.
• A target intraocular pressure (IOP) range of 18-21 mmHg is suggested for patients with high-tension glaucoma.
• <18 mmHg is identified as a safe target IOP to mitigate optic disc changes.