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Biodegradation of polyurethane under fatigue loading.

Michael J Wiggins1, James M Anderson, Anne Hiltner

  • 1Center for Applied Polymer Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|May 23, 2003
PubMed
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Dynamic loading and biaxial strain accelerate oxidative biodegradation of poly(etherurethane urea) (PEUU). This leads to surface cracking, unlike in unstressed or creep conditions, revealing material fatigue mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(etherurethane urea) (PEUU) is a biomaterial susceptible to oxidative biodegradation.
  • Understanding degradation under physiological stress is crucial for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro oxidative biodegradation of PEUU under dynamic loading (fatigue).
  • To determine the influence of strain state on PEUU degradation rates and mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a diaphragm-type film expansion method for dynamic loading tests.
  • Utilized a finite element model to characterize strain distribution (uniaxial to biaxial).
  • Exposed PEUU films to H(2)O(2)/CoCl(2) solution and analyzed degradation via infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.

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Main Results:

  • Oxidative degradation was accelerated in regions of balanced biaxial strain compared to uniaxial strain or creep controls.
  • Chemical degradation formed a brittle surface layer with pits and dimples.
  • Physical damage, including cracking, occurred only in fatigue tests, initiating at degradation-induced dimples.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of dynamic loading and biaxial tensile strain significantly accelerates PEUU oxidative degradation.
  • Material fatigue and degradation are interdependent, with strain state critically influencing failure modes.
  • Findings provide insights into PEUU performance and failure under simulated physiological conditions.