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Type 2 diabetes in children.

J H Silverstein1, A L Rosenbloom

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100216, Gainesville, FL 32610-0216, USA. silvejh@peds.ufl.edu

Current Diabetes Reports
|May 24, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is rising in youth due to obesity and inactivity. Early identification and lifestyle changes are crucial for managing T2DM and its cardiovascular risks in children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent in children and adolescents, mirroring adult trends.
  • Pediatric T2DM is associated with insulin resistance syndrome, including hyperandrogenism, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
  • Risk factors such as obesity, family history, and gestational diabetes are documented in children with T2DM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the emerging epidemic of T2DM in young people.
  • To identify risk factors and associated cardiovascular complications in pediatric T2DM.
  • To emphasize the need for early detection and intervention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on pediatric T2DM and associated cardiovascular risk factors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of genetic predispositions like insulin resistance and beta-cell reserve in high-risk youth.
  • Examination of lifestyle factors contributing to T2DM in families.

    • Main Results:

    • Cardiovascular disease risk factors are present at diagnosis in adolescents with T2DM, indicating long-standing insulin resistance.
    • Genetic factors (thrifty genotype) interact detrimentally with modern lifestyles (inactivity, abundant food).
    • Metformin is the only oral hypoglycemic agent with available data for pediatric use.

    Conclusions:

    • The rising incidence of T2DM in youth poses a significant public health challenge.
    • Early case finding in high-risk youth is recommended.
    • Community and governmental initiatives promoting physical activity and dietary changes are essential for epidemic control.