A study of keratomycosis: our experience

The aim of the present study was to determine the etiological agents, predisposing factors and important diagnostic tests in keratomycosis in Patna. During period of 2 years, 204 clinically suspected cases of keratomycosis were studied by microscopy (10% KOH smear preparation and Gram's staining) and culture (for bacteria as well as fungus). Out of 204 clinically suspected cases, 76 cases (37.23%) were reported positive for fungus by microscopy and culture. 77% cases were between the age group of 21 to 50 years. Males were more than double the number of females affected. 82% patients were farmers by occupation. 81.58% cases gave a definite history of antecedent corneal trauma. 6.58% cases were known diabetics. Peak incidence was recorded in the months of September-October of the years. Single fungal isolates were present in 63 cases (31%) and multiple were there in 3 cases (1.47%). Mixed isolates of bacteria and fungi were there in 4.90% cases. The predominant isolate was Aspergillus species--42 cases (52.26%) followed by Candida--7 cases (9.21%), Penicillium--6 cases (7.89%) and Fusarium-6 cases (7.89%). Ten (13.15%) of fungal isolates remained unidentified. Therefore mycotic keratitis should be suspected in every patient with a corneal lesion and should be ruled out promptly to save sight and before commencing steroids and antibiotics.