Differentiation between monomorphic ventricular tachycardia and sinus tachycardia based on the right ventricular...

The differentiation between ventricular tachycardia (VT) and sinus tachycardia (ST) is problematic in some patients with implantable defibrillators and/or antitachycardia pacemakers. The integral of the ventricular endocardial evoked response, or paced depolarization integral (PDI), has been demonstrated to undergo characteristic changes with a variety of stimuli including catecholamines, pacing rate, and exercise. We hypothesized that the PDI recorded from a unipolar transvenous right ventricular endocardial catheter would differentiate VT from ST. The PDI was calculated from a unipolar pacing stimulus, delivered via a cathode in the right ventricular apex, and the reference electrode, a quadripolar catheter positioned in the superior vena cava. PDIs were measured in 22 patients during VT and sinus rhythm. The PDI measured during sinus rhythm was 579 +/- 240 microV-sec and the PDI during VT was 894 +/- 411 microV-sec (P < 0.001). In a subset of seven patients, PDIs were measured during VT, sinus rhythm, and ST induced by catecholamine infusion or exercise. In this subset, the PDI during sinus rhythm was 645 +/- 295 microV-sec, during ST 588 +/- 308 microV-sec (9% decrease from sinus, P = 0.05), and during VT 863 +/- 342 microV-sec (33.9% increase, P = 0.01). These data indicate that the measurement of the PDI is potentially useful in differentiating VT from ST.