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Oral infections and systemic diseases.

Palle Holmstrup1, Anne Havemose Poulsen, Lone Andersen

  • 1Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, 20 Nørre Allé DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. ph@odont.ku.dk

Dental Clinics of North America
|July 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Periodontal infection, linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), may involve shared risk factors. Further research is needed to understand the complex relationship between oral health and systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular disease research

Background:

  • Epidemiologic studies suggest a link between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but findings are inconsistent.
  • Shared risk factors may explain the potential association between periodontal disease and CVD.
  • Oral bacteria, such as dental plaque bacteria, can cause infections like infective endocarditis (IE) and may contribute to respiratory infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential association between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease.
  • To investigate the role of shared risk factors in the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic conditions.
  • To highlight the need for further research into the pathogenic interactions between periodontitis and other diseases.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of existing epidemiologic studies on periodontal infection and CVD.
  • Analysis of potential shared risk factors.
  • Identification of other diseases associated with periodontitis.

Main Results:

  • Inconsistent evidence exists regarding the association between periodontal infection and CVD.
  • Shared risk factors are proposed as a potential explanation for any observed link.
  • Periodontitis is associated with other conditions, including infective endocarditis, respiratory infections, diabetes mellitus (DM), and rheumatoid arthritis.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between periodontal infection and CVD requires further investigation, particularly through studies controlling for confounding factors and intervention trials.
  • Oral bacteria play a role in certain infections and may be implicated in other systemic diseases.
  • More research is necessary to clarify the pathogenic interactions between periodontitis and associated systemic conditions.