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Gastrointestinal tuberculosis.

Todd A Sheer1, Walter J Coyle

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA. tasheer@NMCSD.med.navy.mil

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|July 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Gastrointestinal tuberculosis, an infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is rare but serious. Diagnosis requires multiple techniques, and treatment mirrors pulmonary tuberculosis, with occasional surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal tuberculosis (GITB) involves infection of abdominal organs and lymphatics by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • It is an uncommon extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis, particularly in the United States.
  • High-risk groups include immigrants, the homeless, prisoners, and the immunocompromised.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define gastrointestinal tuberculosis.
  • To outline at-risk populations and common sites of infection.
  • To describe diagnostic and treatment modalities for GITB.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis involves a combination of radiologic, endoscopic, microbiologic, histologic, and molecular techniques.
  • Clinical presentation includes abdominal pain, weight loss, fever, and altered bowel habits.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pulmonary tuberculosis is not always apparent in patients with GITB.

    • Main Results:

    • The peritoneum and ileocecal region are most frequently affected.
    • Infection often results from hematogenous spread or swallowing infected sputum.
    • Delayed diagnosis is common due to varied presentation.

    Conclusions:

    • Gastrointestinal tuberculosis requires a multi-faceted diagnostic approach.
    • Treatment follows standard protocols for tuberculosis, with surgery as an occasional necessity.
    • Awareness of risk factors is crucial for early identification.