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Related Experiment Videos

Microvascular changes in rat glomeruli as a consequence of small differences in selenium exposure.

C D Eckhert1, M K Lockwood, M H Hsu

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1772.

Experimental and Molecular Pathology
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Even small variations in dietary selenium (Se) impact rat kidney structures. Higher selenium levels within the safe range enlarged glomerular vascular tufts and nuclei, indicating potential incorporation sites.

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Area of Science:

  • Renal physiology
  • Trace element toxicology
  • Nutritional biochemistry

Background:

  • High-sucrose diets can induce microcirculatory insults.
  • Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element with antioxidant properties.
  • Glomerular structure is sensitive to dietary and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of subtle differences in selenium exposure on rat glomerular vascular tufts.
  • To determine if selenium incorporation occurs within specific glomerular cellular components.
  • To assess the effects of varying selenium levels within the safe range on kidney microcirculation.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats were fed diets with two different selenium (Se) concentrations (0.10 vs. 0.21 mg Se/kg).

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  • Experiments were conducted in both galvanized and stainless steel cages to control for cage material effects.
  • Radioactive selenium (75Se) was used in a third study to trace incorporation sites within isolated glomeruli.

    • Main Results:

    • Rats receiving higher selenium (0.21 mg Se/kg) exhibited significantly larger Bowman's capsules and vascular tufts.
    • Vascular tufts in the higher Se group showed increased capillary lumen openness and reduced cytoplasmic/extracellular material.
    • Higher selenium exposure led to significantly larger nuclei within glomerular cells, with 75Se primarily localizing to the nuclear fraction.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary selenium levels, even within the safe range, significantly influence glomerular structure and vascular morphology.
    • Increased selenium exposure promotes structural changes in the glomerulus, potentially affecting kidney function.
    • The cell nucleus appears to be a primary site for selenium incorporation in the glomerulus.