Clinical applications of molecular monitoring in leukemia

Molecular analyses of the leukemias have been able to identify unique markers that can be used as "molecular signatures" for the various diseases. In acute promyelocytic leukemia, qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has helped define the clinical syndrome and has been used to guide therapy. Quantitative modifications of the PCR technique have been investigated in chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia and found to correlate with clinical outcomes. These assays may soon be incorporated into standard clinical management and may result in a new definition of response.