Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2026

Residue-specific Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids into Model Proteins Using an Escherichia coli Cell-free Transcription-translation System

Residue-specific Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids into Model Proteins Using an Escherichia coli Cell-free Transcription-translation System

Published on: August 1, 2016

Incorporation of nonnatural amino acids into proteins by using five-base codon-anticodon pairs

T Hohsaka¹, M Sisido

¹Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.

Nucleic Acids Symposium Series

|August 9, 2003

Abstract:

A novel strategy for the incorporation of nonnatural amino acids into proteins was developed by using five-base codon-anticodon pairs. The streptavidin mRNA containing five-base codon CGGUA and the chemically aminoacylated tRNA with five-base anticodon UACCG were prepared, and added into E. coli in vitro translation system. As a result, the nonnatural amino acid was successfully incorporated into desired position of the protein. Other five-base codons CGGN1N2, where N1 and N2 indicate one of four nucleotides, were also available for the incorporation of the nonnatural amino acid.

More Related Videos

Genetic Incorporation of Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and Its Application to Protein Conjugation

Genetic Incorporation of Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and Its Application to Protein Conjugation

Published on: August 24, 2018

Engineering 'Golden' Fluorescence by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence

Engineering 'Golden' Fluorescence by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence

Published on: April 27, 2018

Related Concept Videos

From DNA to Protein

From DNA to Protein

The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...

tRNA Activation

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...

tRNA Activation

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...

The Central Dogma

The Central Dogma

The Central Dogma

The Central Dogma

The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...

Improving Translational Accuracy

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Extension of biochemical functions by the introduction of nonnatural amino acids and artificial nucleic acid analogs.

Nucleic acids symposium series·2003

Random insertion and deletion mutagenesis for construction of protein library containing nonnatural amino acids.

Nucleic acids symposium series·2003

Control of tRNA function by antisense PNA derivatives.

Nucleic acids research. Supplement (2001)·2003

Effect of single base insertion into anticodon loop of frameshift suppressor tRNA.

Nucleic acids research. Supplement (2001)·2003

Site-specific cleavage of a protein via introducing a hydroxy acid derivative in the main chain by using four-base codon/anticodon pairs.

Nucleic acids research. Supplement (2001)·2003

Introduction of specialty functions by the position-specific incorporation of nonnatural amino acids into proteins through four-base codon/anticodon pairs.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology·2002

See all related articles