Abnormal endoscopic pharyngeal and laryngeal findings attributable to reflux

The symptom complex associated with acid-induced injury to the larynx is referred to as laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Basing the diagnosis of LPR on patient symptoms or 24-hour dual-probe pH data may be inaccurate, as these diagnostic tests are restricted by limitations in both sensitivity and specificity. The clinician must have a thorough understanding of endoscopic findings associated with this disorder. The severity of laryngeal inflammation caused by acid and activated pepsin can be quantified. This article reviews the abnormal endoscopic pharyngeal and laryngeal findings that are attributable to reflux.