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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction
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Published on: May 20, 2018

Internal granular dynamics, shear-induced crystallization, and compaction steps.

J-C Tsai1, G A Voth, J P Gollub

  • 1Physics Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|August 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shearing a deep disordered layer of spheres causes crystallization and compaction. This transition

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

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Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography

Published on: September 29, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Disordered materials exhibit complex behaviors under stress.
  • Understanding transitions in granular systems is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial order and dynamics of a deep disordered layer of spheres under shear.
  • To analyze the crystallization transition and its associated compaction event.

Main Methods:

  • Internal imaging using index matching.
  • Sensitive volume measurement.
  • Controlled shearing under a fixed load.

Main Results:

  • Shearing induced a crystallization transition with a step compaction event.
  • The transition delay was highly dependent on layer thickness, requiring significant particle translations.
  • Mean velocity varied over five decades with depth and was altered by the transition.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a shear-induced crystallization and compaction in deep disordered sphere layers.
  • Layer thickness significantly influences the dynamics and kinetics of the transition.
  • The observed velocity profile changes highlight the impact of structural transitions on material flow.