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Vocal communication and the triune brain.

John D Newman1

  • 1Laboratory of Comparative Ethology, NICHD, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Poolesville, MD 20837, USA. jdnewman@helix.nih.gov

Physiology & Behavior
|September 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Paul MacLean's triune brain model poorly explains mammalian vocal communication. Only the thalamocingulate circuit shows relevance, particularly for infant isolation calls, suggesting a limited fit for this model.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Psychology
  • Bioacoustics

Background:

  • Paul MacLean's triune brain model proposes three distinct brain layers: reptilian, paleomammalian (limbic system), and neomammalian (neocortex).
  • Vocal communication is crucial for social mammals, involving complex neural pathways for production and perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the congruence between MacLean's triune brain model and current understanding of mammalian vocal communication pathways.
  • To identify which brain structures, if any, within the triune model are essential for vocal communication.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing neurobiological and ethological literature on vocal communication in mammals.
  • Comparative analysis of neural circuits implicated in vocalization and perception across different mammalian species.

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Main Results:

  • The thalamocingulate circuit, part of the paleomammalian brain, is significantly involved in vocalization expression (e.g., isolation calls) and potentially perception.
  • Limited evidence supports the involvement of the 'R-complex' (protoreptilian formation) in vocal communication, though it may play a role in visual displays.
  • The neocortex is vital for human speech but shows limited direct vocal production roles in nonhuman mammals, though it is involved in vocal perception.

Conclusions:

  • The triune brain model offers limited explanatory power for the neural basis of mammalian vocal communication.
  • A distinct set of neural structures, termed the 'communication brain,' better accounts for the mediation of vocal communication than the triune brain scheme.