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Colon cancer in Argentina. II: Risk from fibre, fat and nutrients
J M Iscovich1, K A L'Abbé, R Castelleto
1Department of Epidemiology Studies, Ministry of Health, La Plata, Argentina.
International Journal of Cancer
|July 30, 1992
Summary
High fiber intake significantly protects against colon cancer, while high total energy intake increases risk. Carbohydrates appear to be the main driver of this increased risk.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Nutritional Science
- Oncology
Background:
- Colon cancer is a significant health concern globally.
- Dietary factors are increasingly recognized as crucial in cancer development.
- Understanding the specific roles of energy intake and nutrients is vital for prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between total energy intake, dietary fiber, nutrients, and colon cancer risk in Argentina.
- To identify specific dietary components contributing to colon cancer risk.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 110 newly diagnosed colon cancer patients and 220 matched neighborhood controls.
- Dietary intake (calories, fiber, nutrients) was assessed using food consumption data from a 5-year period prior to the interview.
- Conditional regression models were employed for statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Dietary fiber intake showed a strong protective effect against colon cancer (OR = 0.07 per 19.02 g/day).
- Total energy intake was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer (RR = 1.82 per 1000 kcal/day).
- Carbohydrates were identified as the primary caloric component driving the increased risk associated with total energy intake.
Conclusions:
- Dietary fiber is a significant protective factor against colon cancer.
- High total energy intake, particularly from carbohydrates, is a risk factor for colon cancer.
- Dietary modifications focusing on fiber intake and energy balance may play a role in colon cancer prevention.