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Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor expression on human lymphoblasts.
M S O'Dorisio1, B T Shannon, A F Mulne
1Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus 43205.
The American Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|May 1, 1992
Summary
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors are present on most human T and B cell leukemias but not on acute myeloid leukemia blasts. This suggests VIP may influence T and B lymphocyte development in leukemia.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide with diverse physiological roles.
- The expression and function of VIP receptors in leukemia subtypes are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and functionality of VIP receptors on different subtypes of human leukemia cells.
- To determine if VIP receptor expression correlates with specific leukemia classifications.
Main Methods:
- Bone marrow blasts from 38 newly diagnosed leukemia patients were analyzed.
- Leukemia subtypes were classified using cytochemical and histochemical markers.
- VIP receptor expression was assessed by measuring VIP-mediated adenylate cyclase activation and 125I-VIP binding assays.
Main Results:
- VIP receptors were detected in 22 out of 32 patients with lymphocytic leukemia (T-cell and B-cell subtypes).
- No VIP receptors were identified in myeloid blasts from any of the six patients.
- Functional VIP receptors were confirmed in human pre-B cell (Nalm 6) and T-cell (Molt 4b) leukemia lines, but not in histiocytic (U937) or myelocytic (HL60) lines.
Conclusions:
- Human T and B cell leukemias frequently express functional VIP receptors.
- VIP receptor expression is absent in acute myeloid leukemia.
- These findings suggest a potential role for VIP in the proliferation or differentiation of T and B lymphocytes in leukemia.