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Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
Published on: July 1, 2015
Vocal development in infants with Down syndrome and infants who are developing normally
M L Steffens1, D K Oller, M Lynch
1University of Miami, Mailman Center for Child Development, FL 33101.
Abstract:
The development of early vocalizations was investigated with 13 infants who had Down syndrome and 27 infants who were developing normally at bimonthly intervals from 4 to 18 months of age. A perceptually based framework was used to categorize utterances according to their developmental relations with adult, well-formed, or "canonical" syllables. Over time, both groups demonstrated increased production of mature vowel and canonical consonant-vowel syllables (characterized by full vowels, consonants, and rapid, well-coordinated articulatory movements) and decreased production of less mature "quasi-vowel" and marginal syllables. Infants in both groups were also quite variable in vocal development, both within group and across time.
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