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Related Experiment Videos

On the relationship between recall and recognition memory.

F Haist1, A P Shimamura, L R Squire

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
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Amnesic patients show proportionate memory recall and recognition impairments, suggesting both depend on declarative memory. Confidence in recognition matches performance, challenging nonconscious memory theories.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neurobiology of Memory

Background:

  • The relationship between recall and recognition is a fundamental question in memory research.
  • Amnesia, resulting from damage to declarative memory systems, spares nonconscious memory forms like skill learning and priming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test alternative theories of recall and recognition by examining memory performance in amnesic patients.
  • To investigate the role of nonconscious memory in recognition and confidence judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Studied amnesic patients with known damage to declarative memory systems.
  • Assessed recall and recognition memory performance.
  • Collected confidence ratings for recognition judgments.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Amnesic patients exhibited proportional impairments in both recall and recognition.
  • Confidence ratings for recognition accurately reflected the level of impaired performance.
  • Results contradict theories positing significant nonconscious memory support for recognition or confidence.

Conclusions:

  • Recall and recognition are closely related functions of declarative memory.
  • Both recall and recognition are equivalently dependent on the brain systems damaged in amnesia.
  • Nonconscious memory does not significantly underpin recognition memory or associated confidence judgments.