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Stress, anxiety, and cognitive buffering.

J S Gillis1

  • 1Oregon State University, Corvallis.

Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive theories suggest beliefs mediate emotional responses. This study found that dysfunctional attitudes and life stress independently predict psychological distress, rather than attitudes buffering stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
  • Psychopathology

Background:

  • Cognitive theories propose that attitudes and beliefs influence emotional reactions to life events.
  • Anxiety and depression are viewed as consequences of distorted perspectives, not circumstances.
  • The potential buffering effect of adaptive cognitions against stress has been under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the buffering hypothesis regarding cognitions and stressful life events.
  • To investigate whether dysfunctional attitudes moderate the impact of life stress on psychological distress.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety-seven subjects assessed for recent life stress levels.
  • Participants evaluated for current anxiety and depression.
  • Measurement of endorsement of illogical and unrealistic attitudes.

Main Results:

  • Dysfunctional attitudes showed a strong direct correlation with psychological distress.
  • Life stress indices (total and negative scores) also correlated with distress.
  • No significant interaction was found between attitude and stress measures, indicating no moderating effect.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitions, specifically dysfunctional attitudes, do not moderate the impact of life events on distress.
  • Both dysfunctional attitudes and life stresses act as independent, additive predictors of psychological distress.

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