Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of malaria

Optimal treatment of malaria requires rapid case identification, initiation of specific and supportive therapy based on parasitologic and clinical classification of the patient, and recognition of inadequate response to therapy. Health care providers advising travelers should assess the risk of malaria based on itinerary and clinical condition, and counsel to reduce contact with mosquitoes; prescribe appropriate chemoprophylaxis; and counsel regarding potential side effects and requirement for diagnosis and treatment if fever develops.