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Sodium cotransport proteins.

E M Wright¹, K M Hager, E Turk

¹University of California, Los Angeles.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

|August 1, 1992

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers have identified and expressed fifteen Na+ cotransport proteins, crucial for cell function. These proteins fall into two main families: Na+/glucose (SGLT1) and Na+/Cl-/GABA (GAT-1) transporters.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Membrane Transport

Background:

Significant progress has been made in understanding sodium (Na+) cotransporter proteins.
These low-abundance proteins play vital roles in cellular transport mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the recent advances in the structural elucidation and functional expression of Na+ cotransport proteins.
To categorize these proteins based on their structure and known functions.

Main Methods:

Cloning and sequencing of approximately fifteen Na+ cotransporter genes.
Functional expression of these proteins in experimental systems.
Bioinformatic analysis to determine structural relationships.

Main Results:

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Fifteen Na+ cotransporter proteins have been successfully cloned, sequenced, and functionally expressed.
These proteins belong to the 12 membrane-spanning superfamily.
The superfamily segregates into two main families: Na+/glucose (SGLT1) and Na+/Cl-/GABA (GAT-1) transporters.
SGLT1 transporters are found in bacteria and animal cells.
GAT-1 transporters are predominantly expressed in the brain.
No plant homologues for these specific transporters have been identified.

Conclusions:

The Na+ cotransporter superfamily comprises at least two distinct families with differential tissue expression.
Understanding the structure and function of SGLT1 and GAT-1 transporters is crucial for various physiological processes.
Further research may uncover novel roles and therapeutic targets for these membrane proteins.