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Antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

J G Bartlett1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
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Diarrhea is a common side effect of antimicrobial drugs. This review offers management guidelines for antibiotic-associated diarrhea, covering cases with and without Clostridium difficile.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Diarrhea frequently occurs during antimicrobial therapy, affecting patients across various medical disciplines.
  • The incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) varies based on the antimicrobial's spectrum and pharmacokinetics.
  • AAD can be broadly categorized into Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and cases with unidentified causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present comprehensive management guidelines for patients experiencing diarrhea secondary to antibacterial treatment.
  • To differentiate between various etiologies of AAD and guide appropriate clinical decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on antimicrobial-associated diarrhea.
  • It focuses on diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for managing AAD.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Guidelines are informed by the spectrum of activity and pharmacokinetic properties of implicated antimicrobials.

    • Main Results:

    • Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is a prevalent adverse effect of antibacterial agents.
    • Clostridium difficile is a significant causative agent in a subset of AAD cases.
    • Many AAD cases lack a clearly identified pathogen or mechanism.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of AAD requires understanding its diverse etiologies and patient-specific factors.
    • Guidelines aim to optimize patient care and mitigate the impact of antimicrobial-induced gastrointestinal disturbances.
    • Distinguishing between C. difficile-positive and negative AAD is crucial for targeted treatment.