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Related Experiment Videos

Maintaining epithelial integrity: a function for gigantic spectraplakin isoforms in adherens junctions.

Katja Röper1, Nicholas H Brown

  • 1Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QR UK.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|October 1, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Short stop (Shot) spectraplakins are giant cytoskeletal proteins. Novel isoforms with plakin repeats mediate cell-cell adhesion by maintaining adherens junction integrity in epithelial cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Short stop (Shot) spectraplakins are giant cytoskeletal proteins with spectrin and plakin superfamily characteristics.
  • Previously identified Shot isoforms possess actin-binding and spectrin repeat domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize novel isoforms of the Short stop (Shot) spectraplakin.
  • To investigate the role of these new isoforms in cellular adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and characterization of a new large exon within the shot locus.
  • Analysis of novel Shot isoform structure and localization.
  • Assessment of adherens junction integrity in Shot-deficient follicle epithelia.

Main Results:

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  • A new exon encodes plakin repeats, inserted between actin-binding and spectrin repeat domains, forming isoforms up to 8,846 residues.
  • Novel Shot isoforms localize to adherens junctions in embryonic and follicular epithelia.
  • Loss of Shot disrupts adherens junction integrity, indicated by double layering and altered protein localization.

Conclusions:

  • Spectraplakins, specifically novel Shot isoforms, play a crucial role in mediating cell-cell adhesion.
  • The plakin repeat domain of Shot is essential for maintaining adherens junction stability.
  • Shot is identified as a key regulator of epithelial cell-cell adhesion.