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Meteorologic variables in aerobiology.

Richard W Weber¹

¹National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1400 Jackson Street, Room J326, Denver, CO 80206, USA. weberr@njc.org

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America

|October 4, 2003

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Weather significantly impacts airborne biological particles (bioaerosols), influencing everything from plant growth and pollination to mold spore dispersal. Understanding these relationships is key to managing aeroallergens.

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Aerobiology
Meteorology

Background:

Weather phenomena, beyond defining climate, directly influence bioaerosols.
Individual weather elements like precipitation, humidity, temperature, and wind have varied effects on airborne particles.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the multifaceted impacts of specific weather conditions on bioaerosol concentrations and characteristics.
To explore the immediate and cumulative effects of weather on aeroallergen levels.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on weather patterns and bioaerosol dynamics.
Analysis of how different meteorological factors (rain, humidity, temperature, wind) affect particle burden and dispersal.

Main Results:

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Precipitation and humidity initially reduce particle load but are crucial for plant growth, impacting future pollen release.
Temperature increases are vital for plant anthesis and pollination intensity, especially in grasses, weeds, and trees.
Wind speed influences particle re-entrainment and air scouring, while thunderstorms can significantly elevate aeroallergen levels. Mold spore dispersal is closely tied to humidity and precipitation, with varied responses among fungal types.

Conclusions:

Weather conditions are critical determinants of bioaerosol composition and concentration.
Understanding these weather-bioaerosol interactions is essential for predicting and managing airborne allergens and biological particles.