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Acquired platelet function defects.

R L Bick1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Platelet dysfunction, both inherited and acquired, can cause bleeding. Acquired platelet defects, often drug-induced, are common and require prompt diagnosis and management, including platelet transfusions and stopping offending medications.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • Platelet dysfunctions are significant causes of hemorrhage, particularly acquired forms linked to trauma or surgery.
  • Hereditary platelet function defects are rare, but hereditary storage-pool disease warrants suspicion in pediatric cases with specific findings.
  • Acquired platelet function defects, frequently drug-induced, are common and should be suspected in patients with bruising or mucosal bleeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical significance and diagnostic approaches to platelet dysfunctions.
  • To outline therapeutic strategies for managing bleeding due to platelet defects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic utility of bleeding time tests.
  • Discussion of laboratory tests like platelet aggregation and lumi-aggregation.

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  • Emphasis on clinical history and physical examination in diagnosing platelet disorders.

    • Main Results:

    • Template bleeding time is a useful screening tool but not definitive; normal results do not exclude dysfunction.
    • Prolonged bleeding time is an unreliable predictor of bleeding risk.
    • Platelet aggregation or lumi-aggregation tests are crucial in specific clinical scenarios.

    Conclusions:

    • Promptly suspect acquired platelet function defects in patients with bleeding symptoms, especially if on medication.
    • Platelet concentrates are the primary treatment for significant bleeding from platelet defects.
    • Managing acquired defects involves addressing underlying conditions and discontinuing causative drugs.