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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency
Published on: June 16, 2011
Sequence variation and evolution of Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) in Europe
D Gobbin1, P J Hoegger, U Heiniger
1WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, CH-8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) acts as a naturally occurring biological control agent for chestnut blight, a destructive fungal disease of chestnut trees, which has been introduced into Europe in the 1930s. We have determined partial nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the ORF A of 47 CHV-1 isolates collected in Europe over a period of 28 years. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of four groups or single viruses, which showed sequence divergences ranging from 11 to 19%. These results confirm the previous subtype classification based on RFLP markers, with the exception of the two CHV-1 subtypes E and D, which appear to be related closer than anticipated previously. Dates of divergences between CHV-1 subtypes, calculated from nucleotide substitution rates, indicate that the CHV-1 subtypes diverged several hundreds years ago. Our results suggest that the genetic variation among CHV-1 subtypes did not evolve in Europe and support the hypothesis of multiple introductions of CHV-1 into Europe.
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