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Biodegradable synthetic polymers for tissue engineering.

P A Gunatillake1, R Adhikari

  • 1CSIRO Molecular Science, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Vic 3169, Australia. Thilak.Gunatillake@csiro.au

European Cells & Materials
|October 17, 2003
PubMed
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This review explores biodegradable synthetic polymers for tissue engineering. While polyesters like polyglycolides and polylactides are common, newer materials like polyurethanes offer improved properties for advanced applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Biodegradable synthetic polymers are crucial for tissue engineering.
  • Polyesters, including polyglycolides and polylactides, are widely studied but have limitations.
  • Limitations include poor biocompatibility, acidic degradation products, and mechanical instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biodegradable synthetic polymers for tissue engineering.
  • To discuss synthesis, properties, biodegradability, and degradation of various polymer classes.
  • To highlight advancements and emerging materials meeting demanding tissue engineering requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biodegradable synthetic polymers.
  • Discussion of polyester family, polyorthoesters, polyanhydrides, polyphosphazenes, and polyurethanes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of polymer properties, degradation modes, and tissue engineering applications.

    • Main Results:

    • Polyesters have drawbacks like poor biocompatibility and mechanical property loss.
    • Polyorthoesters, polyanhydrides, polyphosphazenes, and polyurethanes present alternative properties.
    • Injectable compositions based on poly (propylene fumarate) and poly (anhydrides) are emerging for orthopaedic tissue engineering.
    • Polyurethanes show promise due to tunable mechanical properties and biodegradability.

    Conclusions:

    • Biodegradable synthetic polymers are essential for tissue engineering innovation.
    • Addressing limitations of traditional polyesters is key to developing advanced biomaterials.
    • Emerging polymers like polyurethanes offer tailored solutions for diverse tissue engineering needs.