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Thousandfold signal increase using field-amplified sample stacking for on-chip electrophoresis
Byoungsok Jung1, Rajiv Bharadwaj, Juan G Santiago
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA. bsjung@stanford.edu
Electrophoresis
|November 5, 2003
Summary
This study introduces a novel Field-Amplified Sample Stacking (FASS) chip design using a photoinitiated porous polymer for improved on-chip sample concentration. This innovation enhances electrophoretic separations, achieving significant signal increases for analytes.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Microfluidics
- Separation Science
Background:
- Field-amplified sample stacking (FASS) concentrates analytes using conductivity gradients.
- On-chip FASS assays face challenges in establishing stable conductivity gradients for sample injection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and validate a novel FASS-capillary electrophoresis (CE) chip.
- To overcome limitations in on-chip FASS by improving sample injection and flow control.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a CE chip incorporating a photoinitiated porous polymer structure.
- Utilizing the polymer's flow resistance to facilitate sample ion electromigration.
- Characterization of the chip's performance in electrophoretic separations.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a novel FASS chip design for on-chip assays.
- Achieved a 1100-fold signal enhancement for fluorescein and Bodipy.
- The porous polymer structure effectively controlled flow and facilitated high-gradient FASS.
Conclusions:
- The novel FASS-CE chip design effectively addresses challenges in on-chip sample stacking.
- The photoinitiated porous polymer enables precise control for enhanced FASS performance.
- This technology significantly boosts sensitivity in microfluidic electrophoretic separations.